Authentication is the process of verifying a user's identity to ensure they are who they claim to be.
This is commonly achieved through knowledge factors (passwords), possession factors (tokens), or biometric factors (fingerprints).
Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
Option A (Information secrecy): Focuses on protecting data, not identity confirmation.
Option B (Public key encryption): A method of encryption, not directly tied to user identity verification.
Option D (Authorization): Deals with granting access to resources after authentication.
References:
"Authentication and Identity Management" – NIST
Authentication Processes Overview – ISO 27001
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