Tax-sheltered annuities (TSAs), per IRC § 403(b) and Virginia Code § 38.2-3100 et seq., are retirement plans for nonprofit employees. Option A is true; they’re synonymous with 403(b) plans. Option B is true; contributions often come from voluntary salary reductions, tax-deferred until withdrawal. Option C is true; participants can have individual contracts or accounts. Option D is false; investment gains are tax-deferred, not included in gross income annually, only taxed upondistribution. The study guide highlights TSAs’ tax advantages, making D the incorrect statement.