A developer has a test class that creates test data before making a mock callout but now receives a "You have uncommitted work pending. Please commit or rollback before calling out" error. Which step should be taken to resolve the error?
A.
Ensure both the insertion and mock callout occur after the Test.stopTest().1
B.
Ensure the records are inserted before the Test.startTest() statement and the mock callout occurs within a method annotated with @testSetup.2
C.
Ensure the records are inserted befo3re the Test.startTest() statement and the mock callout occurs after the Test.startTest().45
D.
Ensure both the insertion and mock callout occur after the Test.startTest().67
Comprehensive and Deta10iled 150 to 250 words of E11xplanation:
This error occurs because Salesforce prohibits making a callout (even a mock one) in the same transaction after a DML operation has been performed. When you insert test data, it creates a "pending" transaction in the database. If you then attempt to execute a callout immediately, the platform throws the CalloutException to prevent data inconsistency issues.
To resolve this in a test context, you must separate the DML operation from the callout using the Test.startTest() and Test.stopTest() methods. When Test.startTest() is called, Salesforce provides a fresh set of governor limits and effectively creates a new transaction context for the code that follows. By inserting the records before Test.startTest() and performing the logic that triggers the callout after Test.startTest(), the developer ensures that the DML operation is "committed" to the test database context before the callout is initiated.
Option C correctly identifies this pattern. Option B is incorrect because @testSetup is used for global data creation across all test methods and does not specifically address the callout transaction split. Options A and D do not solve the problem because they either keep the DML and callout in the same context or place the DML in a context where it would still interfere with the subsequent callout request.
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