The Integrated Action and Control Model (IACM) outlines various actions and controls that help organizations manage risks, achieve objectives, and ensure compliance. Prevent/Deter Actions & Controls are proactive measures designed to reduce the probability of unfavorable events from occurring.

Key Points About Prevent/Deter Actions & Controls:

Purpose:

These actions focus on minimizing the likelihood of risks by addressing vulnerabilities and implementing robust preventive measures.

Examples include implementing firewalls, conducting regular training programs, and enforcing access controls.

Alignment with Risk Management Frameworks:

Frameworks like NIST RMF and ISO 31000 highlight prevention as the first step in managing risks effectively.

Examples:

Security awareness training to prevent phishing attacks.

Anti-bribery controls to deter unethical practices.

Why Option A is Correct:

Prevent/Deter Actions & Controls are specifically designed to decrease the likelihood of unfavorable events, making it the correct answer.

Why the Other Options Are Incorrect:

B: Identifying compliance issues falls under monitoring or audit-related controls, not preventive measures.

C: Collaboration and teamwork are not the primary focus of these controls.

D: Ensuring compliance is a broader objective, but prevention focuses on risk reduction rather than compliance specifically.

References and Resources:

COSO ERM Framework – Discusses the role of preventive controls in risk management.

ISO 31000:2018 – Provides guidance on proactive risk mitigation.

NIST RMF – Focuses on preventive measures in cybersecurity.