Techniques such as relaxation training, covert modeling, mental imagery, interpretation, and empty chair are routinely used by counselors who favor which of the following approaches to counseling?
The techniques listed come from different theoretical orientations:
Relaxation training – commonly associated with behavioral and cognitive-behavioral approaches.
Covert modeling – a behavioral technique using imagined models.
Mental imagery – used in both cognitive and experiential/affective approaches.
Interpretation – often associated with psychodynamic and insight-oriented therapies.
Empty chair – a hallmark of Gestalt and other affective/experiential approaches.
Because this list spans multiple theoretical orientations, the best match is D. Eclectic, where counselors intentionally draw techniques from different theories and apply them in an integrated manner based on client need rather than allegiance to a single model.
NBCC Counselor Work Behavior Areas describe effective counselors as able to:
Select and apply a variety of interventions.
Match techniques to client goals, problems, and preferences.
Integrate methods from different orientations when appropriate.
This is the essence of an eclectic approach, making D the correct answer.
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