When planning a workforce reduction, HR professionals must be vigilant in identifying and mitigating potential litigation risks that could arise from employment termination decisions. According to the HRPA Professional Competency Framework, under the "Labour and Employee Relations" domain (Competency C119), HR professionals are expected to “manage the risk of litigation and conflict in all interactions with employees.” This includes being aware of human rights legislation and ensuring that decisions are not based on discriminatory grounds.

The Ontario Human Rights Code prohibits discrimination on various protected grounds (such as race, gender, age, disability, etc.), and if a workforce reduction disproportionately affects members of a protected group, it could lead to legal challenges alleging discrimination. Discrimination is considered one of the most significant legal risks during workforce reductions, as employers must ensure decisions are based on objective, non-discriminatory criteria such as performance or seniority.

Although constructive dismissal (option D) is a legitimate legal concern, it typically arises from significant changes to job duties or terms of employment without consent — not from terminations that are part of a planned reduction.

Safety violations (option A) and sexual harassment (option B) are serious issues but are not directly related to the strategic or legal risks associated with workforce reduction processes.

Relevant Framework Reference:

HRPA Professional Competency Framework – Competency C119 (Labour and Employee Relations)

Ontario Human Rights Code – Protection from Discrimination in Employment

HRPA Study Guide – Workforce Planning and Employment Law sections

These frameworks emphasize that HR must evaluate all employment decisions, including layoffs or restructuring, through a legal and ethical lens to reduce exposure to discrimination claims.