The correct answer is B because ASCII is the character encoding standard that uses 7 bits and represents 128 unique characters. Those characters include English letters, digits, punctuation marks, and control characters, which matches the exact constraints described in the question. CHFI v11 includes character encoding standards such as ASCII and Unicode under file and data analysis, so candidates are expected to connect specific encoding limits to the right standard. UTF-8, UTF-16, and Unicode support much larger character sets and are designed to represent international text beyond the basic 128-character range. Although UTF-8 is backward compatible with ASCII for the first 128 characters, the question is explicitly asking for the compact 7-bit standard itself. In forensic recovery, identifying the correct encoding helps examiners reconstruct deleted text fragments accurately and avoid misinterpreting byte values as the wrong character set. Since the fragment set is limited to standard English characters and basic punctuation within a 128-symbol 7-bit scheme, ASCII is the only option that precisely fits. That makes ASCII the correct CHFI-aligned answer.