For this scenario where a one-TB JSON dataset needs to be converted into Parquet format without employing Delta Lake's auto-sizing features, the goal is to avoid unnecessary data shuffles and yet ensure optimal file sizes for the output Parquet files. Here’s a breakdown of why option A is most suitable:

Setting maxPartitionBytes:The spark.sql.files.maxPartitionBytes configuration controls the size of blocks that Spark reads from the data source (in this case, the JSON files) but also influences the output size of files when data is written without repartition or coalesce operations. Setting this parameter to 512 MB directly addresses the requirement to manage the output file size effectively.

Data Ingestion and Processing:

Ingesting Data:Load the JSON dataset into a DataFrame.

Applying Transformations:Perform any required narrow transformations that do not involve shuffling data (like filtering or adding new columns).

Writing to Parquet:Directly write the transformed DataFrame to Parquet files. The setting for maxPartitionBytes ensures that each part-file is approximately 512 MB, meeting the requirement for part-file size without additional steps to repartition or coalesce the data.

Performance Consideration:This approach is optimal because:

It avoids the overhead of shuffling data, which can be significant, especially with large datasets.

It directly ties the read/write operations to a configuration that matches the target output size, making it efficient in terms of both computation and I/O operations.

Alternative Options Analysis:

Option B and D:Involves repartitioning, which would trigger a shuffle of the data, contradicting the requirement to avoid shuffling for performance reasons.

Option C:Uses coalesce, which is less intensive than repartition but can still lead to uneven partition sizes and does not directly control the output file size as effectively as setting maxPartitionBytes.

Option E:Setting shuffle partitions to 512 doesn’t directly control the output file size for writing to Parquet and could lead to smaller files depending on the dataset's partitioning post-transformations.

References

Apache Spark Configuration

Writing to Parquet Files in Spark