The rise of e-commerce has shifted consumer behavior toward ordering smaller, individual items rather than bulk or collective purchases. Single-piece unit loads refer to individual products packaged and handled as standalone units, which aligns with the trend of customers placing ordersfor specific, often single, items online. This contrasts with traditional supply chains where bulk or multiple-item orders were more common. The CIPS L3M6 syllabus emphasizes understanding inventory storage and movement methods, including how e-commerce influences unit load design and handling processes. The focus on individual items reflects the need for efficient picking, packing, and shipping systems tailored to smaller, discrete orders.